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Wednesday, February 9, 2011

Novell Netware and Arpanet....

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Novell
Novell began in 1983 intending to enable CP/M PCs to share an expensive hard disk.They soon realized disk costs were plunging, and files on the disk where needed to be shared. Not having the skills or time to write a network operating, Novell bought a license to a Unix kernel and based NetWare on that foundation.
Novell's decision to support as many different makes of hardware as possible made NetWare unique. All other network developers were supporting only their own brand and type of hardware. Novell helped reduce the cost of networking so it could become popular by bundling inexpensive Ethernet cards with their software.
By 1990, Novell had a near monopoly and a huge base of fanatically loyal dealers. One key to dealer faithfulness, and eventually a key to their downfall in the small business market, was the impenetrable obscurity of how to administer a NetWare system. Practically no small business user could do this, so it meant a lot of continuing support business for the dealers.
Moving into a near vacuum, Novell continued to move upscale, eventually nearly its small business and departmental base to concentrate on enterprise. NetWare became so large and filled with enterprise scale features it became problematical for small business, leaving an opening for Artisoft's LANtastic, and eventually Microsoft Networking.
By the mid '90s, Novell's market had become a major Microsoft target. After several attempts to cut in failed, Microsoft entered merger talks with Novell's chief, Ray Noorda. Noorda discovered Bill Gates was maneuvering behind his back even as they spoke, and became infuriated. He returned to Utah determined to build an anti-Microsoft empire. To that end he purchased Unix, Digital Research, WordPerfect and other companies and products.



Products


Novell's current products include IntraNetWare 4.12, NetWare 5.1, NetWare for Small Business 4.2 and GroupWise, which competes with Microsoft Exchange and Lotus Notes. NetWare 3.2 has just been discontinued (Mar 2000). 4.0 was the first version to incorporate Novell Directory Services and an enterprise outlook. 5.1 includes native TCP/IP, application server features, Internet features and many other expansions from NetWare's file and print server foundation.
The new NetWare for Small Business is an attempt to move back into the small business market, competing with Microsoft's Back Office for Small Business. This is a pretty rough row to hoe at this point, after so many years of neglect, but the just released version 4.2 may have enough features to be a contender. This is not a "mom ~pop" product - the workstation count has been raised to 50 because 25 was really too few for a product of this scale. They now have to get dealers behind the product, but dealers are finding Back Office a much easier sell today because of Microsoft's mighty marketing machine.
GroupWise should be stronger than it is, and only Novell's poor marketing is responsible for its relatively poor showing. It is easier to deploy and easier to administer than either Exchange or Notes, and provides similar functionality.
All versions of NetWare are highly stable and excellent performers. Only OS/2 WarpServer has ever outperformed them for file and print. While many NetWare installations have been converted to Windows NT "because Novell is dead", administrators report it takes about three times as many servers and three times the staff to provide the same level of service they had with NetWare. With Novell now "undead" these conversions will probably slow drastically.

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